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Scientists Advance 3D-Printed Living Tissue, Artificial Organ Creation

3D Bioprinting.Army Medicine/Flickr

When most people think of 3D-printing, they imagine plastic or metal objects such as furniture or machine parts. However, scientists have been working on printing living tissue as well, which would allow scientists to create artificial organs. This is exactly what a team of researchers managed to advance recently, which could solve the problem of the dreaded transplant list.

This new method was created by University of Oxford researchers, which took 3D bioprinting to a whole new level. Publishing their findings on the scientific journal Nature Communications, the researchers explain how their 3D-printed organs are able to maintain their shape, which has been a huge problem in this field.

“Human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells and ovine mesenchymal stem cells (oMSCs) were printed at tissue-relevant densities (107 cells mL−1) and a high droplet resolution of 1 nL. High-resolution 3D geometries were printed with features of ≤200 μm; these included an arborised cell junction, a diagonal-plane junction and an osteochondral interface. The printed cells showed high viability (90% on average) and HEK cells within the printed structures were shown to proliferate under culture conditions,” the paper reads.

The project was led by Alexander Graham, a specialist in 3D bioprinting. By essentially containing the cells printed in nanolitre droplets, which were then coated with a lipid wrap, the researchers were able to maintain the resulting tissue construct’s integrity.

What really makes this new method so impressive, is the fact that it allows scientists to more closely mimic actual organic tissue, Futurism reports. As a result, there is a lower chance of rejection on the part of the patient who will be hosting the organs created by the method.

In a recent press release, Graham explained exactly what they were hoping to achieve with this new method.

“We were aiming to fabricate three-dimensional living tissues that could display the basic behaviors and physiology found in natural organisms,” he said.

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