German short-term borrowing costs climbed sharply on Tuesday as investors increased bets that major central banks will keep monetary policy restrictive to combat energy-driven inflation.
Germany’s policy-sensitive two-year Schatz yield rose to its highest level since late 2023, reflecting growing expectations for additional interest rate hikes from the European Central Bank and other major central banks.
Longer-term German bonds showed some relief after several sessions of heavy selling. The benchmark 10-year Bund yield slipped from its highest level since 2009 to around 3.518%, while the 30-year Buxl yield retreated to 3.875%, ending a three-session rise.
The moves come after the ECB raised its key interest rate by 25 basis points to 2.50% last Thursday. Markets are now fully pricing in another quarter-point ECB rate hike before the end of 2026, with two further increases expected by February 2027.
Global monetary policy is also adding pressure to European bond markets. The Federal Reserve begins its two-day policy meeting on Tuesday, with interest rate futures indicating roughly a 90% probability of a 25-basis-point increase on Wednesday. Such a move would mark the Fed’s first rate hike since mid-2023.
The Bank of Japan is also widely expected to increase its policy rate by 25 basis points to 1.25% later this week, reinforcing expectations for synchronized global monetary tightening.
Energy prices remain a major inflation risk. Brent crude futures climbed another 1.2% on Tuesday to above $113 per barrel after Saudi Arabia blamed Iran-backed forces for an attack on its East-West pipeline. The disruption could threaten as much as 4% of global oil supply.
Additional Houthi attacks in the Red Sea and delayed transit negotiations in Oman have intensified concerns about prolonged energy supply disruptions. Persistently high oil prices could keep inflation elevated, strengthening the case for further central bank rate hikes and maintaining upward pressure on short-term German bond yields.


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