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Juliana López Marulanda

Juliana López Marulanda

Enseignante chercheuse en éthologie, Université Paris Nanterre – Université Paris Lumières
Depuis 2008 Juliana López Marulanda s’intéresse a l’écologie et le comportement des cétacés. Elle possède de solides compétences dans la collecte de données acoustiques et comportementales chez les mammifères marins. Elle a participé à un projet de recherche sur le comportement de pêche des dauphins de Guyane (Sotalia guianensis) au Brésil pendant ses études de premier cycle. De retour dans son pays natal, elle a cofondé et dirigé une organisation à but non lucratif en Colombie (www.macuaticos.org) pour la conservation des mammifères marins. Elle a conçu et développé un projet de recherche pour diagnostiquer la composition taxonomique, la distribution spatiale, la structure sociale et les menaces de conservation de la communauté des mammifères marins dans le golfe de Tribuga, dans le Pacifique Nord colombien. De ce projet, il a acquis les compétences nécessaires pour concevoir et gérer des expériences sur le terrain. Au cours de sa première année de maîtrise, il a étudié les changements dans la fréquence respiratoire des globicéphales noirs (Globicephala macrorhynchus) par rapport au bruit sous-marin et a constaté que les changements respiratoires chez cette espèce ne semblent pas être un bon indicateur du stress. Au cours de sa deuxième année de maîtrise, elle a étudié la perception sensorielle des grands dauphins (Tursiops truncatus) captifs et a trouvé des preuves de magnétoréception en détectant des champs magnétiques expérimentaux (Kremers et al., 2014). Au cours de son doctorat, elle a étudié la communication chez les grands dauphins à l'Institut de Neurosciences Paris-Saclay encadrée par le Pr. Olivier Adam et le Dr. Fabienne Delfour. Elle a analysé la production des sifflements des dauphins captifs en relation a ces séances de training et elle a trouvé une augmentation significative des sifflements après les interactions avec les humains (Lopez-Marulanda et al., 2016). Elle a participé au développement d’un système d’enregistrement audio-vidéo appellé BaBeL, que consiste a 4 hydrophones et une caméra 360º. Ce système permet la localization du dauphin emetteur d’un son et ainsi permet faire le lien entre la production sonore et les observations comportementales. Le système BaBeL a ete testé avec des dauphins en liberté (Lopez-Marulanda et al., 2017) et avec des dauphins captifs (Lopez-Marulanda et al., 2019) en plusieurs delphinariums d’Europe. Actuellement elle est enseignante-chercheuse temporaire à l'université de Paris Nanterre dans le Laboratoire de Éthologie Cognition et Développement (LECD).

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Technology

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