Professor of Viral Hepatitis, University of Glasgow
Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a global public health problem. It is estimated that between 140-185 million people, are infected with the virus worldwide. Typically, HCV will establish a chronic infection that does not clear without intervention, leading to progressive liver disease and increased risk of hepatocellular cancer. It is now recognised that HCV infection is one of the leading causes of serious liver disease in many countries and is a growing burden on healthcare services. Previously, treatment consisted of a long course of interferon and ribavirin which was often poorly tolerated due to side effects, and had a low overall success rate. Although there are now new drugs available (called direct-acting antivirals; DAAs) that often do not require the use of interferon and give much higher cure rates even with reduced length of treatment, resistance to these drugs has been demonstrated which may limit their use in the future.
As well as being an important clinical pathogen, HCV is also interesting in terms of fundamental research as it is one of the most variable pathogens known to infect humans. It has been divided into 7 genotypes based on diversity at the nucleotide sequence level but there also many sub-types of each genotype. Even within an infected person, the virus is highly variable and exists as quasispecies, which is a population of diverse but closely-related variants. The extent of variability will depend on many factors; the amount of circulating virus, the genetics of the infected host and other external factors.
Not all people are equally vulnerable to hepatitis C – new study
Oct 17, 2018 22:29 pm UTC| Insights & Views Health
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects around 1% of the human population and is a devastating pathogen. In most people, it silently infects the liver for decades, often causing life-threatening inflammation, scarring and even...
Johannesburg in a time of darkness: Ivan Vladislavić’s new memoir reminds us of the city’s fragility
Labour can afford to be far more ambitious with its economic policies – voters are on board
Sudan: civil war stretches into a second year with no end in sight